First, A Pinch of Language
We should start by defining what exactly a "bruja," "brujo," "brujix" is, which is not a witch. According to the Encyclopedia of the Royal Spanish Academy, a bruja (feminine) or brujo (masculine) is a practitioner of the occult arts who pacts with demons, but that archaic and flat definition does not define our practice at all; it also erases centuries of culture and language, and yes, also erases history.
For those less knowledgeable about the Spanish language and those who need to be made aware of the notable cultural and historical differences, especially those who rely on a language dictionary, a Bruja is wrongly translated as a Witch. The problem with this definition is that Witchcraft as an umbrella encompasses a reasonably complex system of modern and traditional beliefs with many types of witches. Still, none of these, neither traditional witches nor modern witches, are brujas. They are witches, in the direct literal Western version.
Brujas are, in any case, more related to modern folk witches or hedge witches; my definition of a bruja after eight years of living in the USA is that a bruja is a "regional folk witch," an individual who, regardless of sex, language, and birthplace, studies, teaches, and practices the local folklore and magic. This includes everything from learning about local herbs and their various medicinal applications to dealing with spirits, demons, saints, and other deities and entities of the region.
Second, A Teaspoon of True Rational Feminism
Another thing to know about Latin American brujería practitioners, especially if you come from Latin America, is that contrary to the rules of the Spanish language that always lead us to use the general masculine to refer to groups, in multiple locations in different countries like Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela (although it is not a rule): it is common for the feminine term "brujas" to be used and not the masculine term "brujos" when we refer to a circle of practicing women or a mixed circle. We only speak of "Brujos" in the masculine-plural if we refer to a circle of exclusively male practitioners.
Essentially, because Latin American culture is more focused on the role of women as home leaders and also coven leaders, brujería, even within a circle of men, is a religious tradition that has been protected and carried generation after generation by the women of each family, which makes it a path where femininity is always present in one form or another.
Unlike Witchcraft, which in English is a gender-neutral term, in Spanish, the use of masculine/feminine is inevitable in words. When we talk about brujería, we talk about "La brujería," not "El brujería," which means that at the end of the day, brujería is a feminine term, brujería is feminine, brujería is a woman, it is a creator of life and transformation, it has menstrual periods and is fertile like Pachamama. Period.
Third, Two Ounces of Eloquence and Reasoning
Each country in Latin America has its cultural definition of brujería. However, in all our countries, we continue to use the language of our colonizers, and the Encyclopedia of the Royal Spanish Academy is a mandatory study in schools; each region has its definition. According to each person's culture, although saying that brujas are "regional folk practitioners" fits perfectly, this does not mean that all Latin Americans have the same practice, but that each country, and each region within each country, has its own variation of folklore and their own cultural expression.
For example, brujería in Colombia and Cuba have a primary focus on the assistance of the Saints of the Catholic faith, la brujería in Brazil has a much more ethnic flavor and the inevitable influence of Afro-Caribbean traditions (Candomble, Quimbanda, Umbanda, Lucumi, etc. ..). While witchcraft in countries like Peru and Uruguay has a strong relationship with fairies and nature spirits, in Venezuela, the tales of the devil, angels, and saints define a large part of our festivals and religious holidays that end up influencing the practice of local witches in one way or another.
Fourth, A Dash of Your Favorite Spices
Witchcraft, which in its most traditional forms, in its most modern form, or its reconstructionist form (Wicca) has well-established rules according to each tradition that is followed, which makes it a broad belief system, very diverse but well organized in its different factions. Conversely, brujería encompasses an even more complex system of eclectic and changing beliefs that continually grow, mature, and renew themselves with their practitioners and followers. For example, two traditional Wiccan witches, let's say two followers of two different covens of the Alexandrian Tradition or the Blue Star Wicca Tradition, may not know each other. Still, they follow the same traditions and the same book, although they decide in some instances, each one gives it a different interpretation, but at the end of the day, they follow the same book and set of rules.
On the other hand, two practitioners of brujería, even if they live in the same country and even in the same house, can have completely different paths and beliefs; one of these brujas can deal with devils and demons, while the other can deal with saints and angels. Both still brujas/brujos, they both believe in the power of prayer and pact with their corresponding spirits, both worship and constantly work with their respective spirits and other entities, and they probably use the same implements in the craft; velones (large taper candles), eau de cologne from some local botanica, sahumerios, gunpowder, colored oils, powdered herbs, etc...).
Brujería is born from the need of the colonized peoples to own back their power and their land, either by making use of local spirits and chthonic deities, as well as other regional entities, or even putting their faith in the saints brought by the colonists. It's all about balancing the power, making use of whatever tools (charms), knowledge (rituals), and experience (spiritual guides) we have at hand.
And now, seven spicy sips of our cultural magickal soup.